A remnant of five thousand men fled to the north, hoping to escape into Gaul but they fell in with Pompey, who was just returning from Spain, and were destroyed. Crassus, who finally defeated Spartacus and his army. With Pompey still absent in Spain, the senate sought some other leader to crush this fearful insurrection. Four Roman armies were defeated in succession. They ravaged the fields and plundered the cities, until all Italy seemed at their mercy. Reënforced by other slaves and outlaws of all descriptions, they grew into a motley mass of one hundred thousand desperate men. Seventy of them fled to the crater of Vesuvius and made it a stronghold. With no desire to be “butchered to make a Roman holiday,” Spartacus incited his companions to revolt. At Capua, in one of these so-called schools (which were rather prisons), was confined a brave Thracian, Spartacus. In order to prepare the gladiators for their bloody contests in the arena, training schools had been established in different parts of Italy. 73-71).≻efore the war with Sertorius was ended, the senate was called upon to meet a far greater danger at home. ![]() With Sertorius out of the way, Pompey obtained an easy victory and Spain was reduced to submission. It was not long before he himself was murdered by one of his lieutenants. This cruel act aroused the indignation of the Spanish subjects. Sertorius, in a fit of wrath, caused the boys in the school at Osca to be put to death. But fortune at last frowned upon Sertorius and favored Pompey. Sertorius showed what kind of general he was when he defeated the young Pompey in the first battle, and might have destroyed his army if Metellus had not come to his assistance. Pompey was therefore appointed proconsul in Spainalthough he had never been consul or held any other civil office. The Roman senate was firmly convinced that something must be done to save the Spanish province. Caecilius Metellus Pius, who had been sent against him. He also defeated the Roman legions under Q. He formed a school at Osca, where the young men were instructed in Latin and Greek. He encouraged the natives to adopt the arts of civilization. He organized the cities after the Italian model. 112.) He won the devotion and loyalty of the Spanish provincials, whom he placed on an equality with his Roman subjects. ![]() Sertorius, therefore, formed the plan of delivering Spain from the power of Rome, and setting up an independent republic. The native tribes of Spain were chafing under the Roman governors and Spain itself had become the retreat of many Marian refugees. Sertorius was a man of noble character, brave, prudent, generous, and withal a very able soldier. Sertorius, who was one of the friends of Marius, and who had escaped to Spain during the Sullan proscriptions. 80-72).≺ much more formidable attempt at revolution was made by Q. It is well for us to notice that Pompey by this act came into greater prominence in politics as a supporter of the senate and the Sullan party. He was soon defeated by Catulus with the aid of Cn. But Lepidus disregarded this oath, raised an army, and marched on Rome. To prevent a new civil war the senate bound the two consuls by an oath not to take up arms. Lutatius Catulus, 1 had no sympathy with his schemes and opposed him at every step. Lepidus proposed to restore to the tribunes the full power which Sulla had diminished, and then to rescind the whole Sullan constitution. Aemilius Lepidus, a vain and petulant man, who aspired to be chief of the popular party. 77).The first attempt to overthrow the work of Sulla was made by the consul M. The feebleness of the new government was evident from the start, and Sulla was scarcely dead when symptoms of reaction began to appear. Luxury and dissipation were the passion of one class, and poverty and distress the condition of the other. The separation between the rich and the poor became more marked than ever. The aristocratic party was still a selfish faction ruling for its own interests, and with little regard for the welfare of the people. With the restoration of the senate’s power there also returned all the old evils of the senatorial rule. But as soon as he died, the remnants of this party began to reappear on every side. He had destroyed all opposition, he fancied, by wiping out the Marian party. The Rise of Pompey, I. The Growing Influence of Caesar, II. Civil War between Pompey and Caesar, III. The Rule of Julius Caesar, IV.įailures of the Sullan Party.When Sulla resigned his power and placed the government in the hands of his party, he no doubt thought that he had secured the state from any further disturbance. ![]() ![]() New York, Cincinnati, Chicago: American Book Company (1901).
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